US CMA Section B C D

🔹 Section B: Trade in Goods and Market Access ✅ Goal: Eliminate barriers to trade in goods across North America. Ensure duty-free treatment for most goods. Establish modern customs procedures. 🎯 Outcome: Tariff elimination was maintained or expanded from NAFTA. Simplified rules of origin, especially for auto manufacturing, requiring more regional content. Improved transparency and cooperation on customs procedures. Agricultural access expanded (e.g., U.S. gained more access to Canadian dairy, poultry, and eggs).

🔹 Section C: Labor Provisions ✅ Goal: Strengthen labor rights across the region. Improve labor standards and enforce compliance with International Labor Organization (ILO) principles. Reduce wage disparity and protect workers. 🎯 Outcome: New Labor Chapter (Chapter 23) with enforceable obligations, unlike under NAFTA. Rapid Response Labor Mechanism allows complaints against individual facilities violating labor rights. Mexico committed to labor law reforms, including collective bargaining rights and union freedom. Canada and the U.S. increased oversight and enforcement for labor violations.

🔹 Section D: Environment ✅ Goal: Promote environmental protection while facilitating trade. Commit all parties to uphold and enforce environmental laws. Address environmental challenges like pollution, endangered species, and illegal fishing. 🎯 Outcome: Environmental obligations are part of the core agreement (not a side accord, unlike NAFTA). Parties committed to upholding international environmental agreements (e.g., CITES, ozone treaties). Stronger cooperation on air quality, marine litter, and conservation efforts. Environmental violations are subject to enforcement provisions, similar to trade or labor chapters.